In our last episode, I mentioned Gifts of the Muse, which is a 120-page document created to "improve the current understanding of the arts' full range of effects in order to inform public debate and policy." (It's available for purchase or free here.)
They come to some really important conclusions that could have very real, but not necessarily comforting, consequences for those of us making art now.
The study begins by focusing on the two types of value the arts can offer, dividing them into instrumental values and intrinsic values.
Simply put, instrumental values are those offered when art is used to accomplish other goals, which usually have nothing to do with art per se. These are the values we're promoting when we mention that listening to classical music improves your math skills and that building theatres and galleries will help the downtown area grow economically. It's why we care about every single redundant study that proves that art improves elementary education. It's the reason arts organizations are so thrilled with Richard Florida's "creative class" work. "See," they cry, "See?!? You need us!" The larger the institution, it seems, the more pressed they are to focus on instrumental values when they sell their programs to public and corporate funders. It's a product of our current culture.
How did this happen?